Njengoko imimiselo yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ingqongqo kakhulu kwimigangatho yokukhupha izithuthi, akukhathaliseki nokuba uyasebenza, uyabalekisa, uqhuba ngesantya esiphantsi, ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu okanye ukwehlisa isantya, zonke izithuthi kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokukhupha amanzi.Ebusweni bezithintelo ezingqongqo ezinjalo, ukongeza ekufezekiseni ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokusebenza kunye nokukhutshwa, eyona nto kuphela yi-catalytic converter.Isiguquli se-catalytic sihlala senziwe ngeentsimbi ezixabisekileyo, kubandakanya i-oxidation catalyst, i-catalyst yokunciphisa kunye ne-tatu-way catalytic converter esetyenziswa kwiimoto ezininzi.Emva kobuninzi bombhobho, isiguquli se-catalytic siqhagamshelwe ukuguqula ungcoliseko olungaphelelanga lube zizinto ezingenabungozi ukukhusela okusingqongileyo.

Idityaniswe kwi-muffler evela kwi-catalytic converter.Inxalenye yesiphambano se-muffler yinto ejikelezayo okanye e-oval, edityaniswe ngamacwecwe ensimbi amancinci kwaye afakwe phakathi okanye ngasemva kwenkqubo yokukhupha.Kukho uluhlu lwee-baffles, amagumbi, ii-orifices kunye nemibhobho ngaphakathi kwe-muffler.Isenzeko sophazamiseko lwe-acoustic reflection kunye nokurhoxiswa kusetyenziswa ukwenza buthathaka ngokuthe ngcembe amandla esandi, ukuze kwakhiwe kwaye kucutheke uxinzelelo lwe-pulsating olwenziwa rhoqo xa kuvulwa ivalve yokukhupha.