Umbhobho we-exhaust muffler yinxalenye yenkqubo yokukhupha injini.Inkqubo yombhobho we-muffler exhaust ibandakanya ubukhulu becala, umbhobho wokukhupha kunye ne-muffler.Ngokubanzi, i-catalyst emithathu yokulinganisa ukulawula ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolisa i-injini nayo ifakwe kwi-exhaust system.Umbhobho wokukhupha ngokubanzi uquka umbhobho wokukhupha ngaphambili kunye nombhobho wokukhupha ngasemva.

Emva kokuba umoya omtsha kunye nepetroli zixutywe kwi-injini yokutsha, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neegesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu zenziwe ukutyhala ipiston.Xa amandla egesi ekhutshwa, ayisenaxabiso kwi-injini.Ezi gesi ziba ziigesi zokukhupha kwaye zikhutshelwa ngaphandle kwe-injini.Emva kokuphuma kwi-cylinder, igesi yokukhupha ingena kwi-manifold exhaust.Emva kokuba i-manifold yokukhutshwa kwe-cylinder nganye iqokelelwe, igesi yokukhupha ikhutshwa ngombhobho wokukhupha.

Njengoko imimiselo yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ingqongqo kakhulu kwimigangatho yokukhupha izithuthi, akukhathaliseki nokuba uyasebenza, uyabalekisa, uqhuba ngesantya esiphantsi, ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu okanye ukwehlisa isantya, zonke izithuthi kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokukhupha amanzi.Ebusweni bezithintelo ezingqongqo ezinjalo, ukongeza ekufezekiseni ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokusebenza kunye nokukhutshwa, eyona nto kuphela yi-catalytic converter.Isiguquli se-catalytic sihlala senziwe ngeentsimbi ezixabisekileyo, kubandakanya i-oxidation catalyst, i-catalyst yokunciphisa kunye ne-tatu-way catalytic converter esetyenziswa kwiimoto ezininzi.Emva kobuninzi bombhobho, isiguquli se-catalytic siqhagamshelwe ukuguqula ungcoliseko olungaphelelanga lube zizinto ezingenabungozi ukukhusela okusingqongileyo.

Idityaniswe kwi-muffler evela kwi-catalytic converter.Inxalenye yesiphambano se-muffler yinto ejikelezayo okanye e-oval, edityaniswe ngamacwecwe ensimbi amancinci kwaye afakwe phakathi okanye ngasemva kwenkqubo yokukhupha.Kukho uluhlu lwee-baffles, amagumbi, ii-orifices kunye nemibhobho ngaphakathi kwe-muffler.Isenzeko sophazamiseko lwe-acoustic reflection kunye nokurhoxiswa kusetyenziswa ukwenza buthathaka ngokuthe ngcembe amandla esandi, ukuze kwakhiwe kwaye kucutheke uxinzelelo lwe-pulsating olwenziwa rhoqo xa kuvulwa ivalve yokukhupha.